Design Theory
1. Principles of Good Design
Balance β Create visual stability (symmetrical or asymmetrical).
Contrast β Use differences in color, size, shape, or type to highlight key elements.
Hierarchy β Guide the viewerβs eye by arranging elements in order of importance.
Alignment β Keep elements visually connected, neat, and intentional.
Repetition β Repeat styles, colors, or motifs for consistency.
White Space β Allow breathing room; less clutter improves focus.




Color Theory Basics
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Colors β Understand the color wheel.
Warm vs Cool Colors β Warm = energy; Cool = calm.
Color Harmony β Complementary, Analogous, Triadic schemes.
Psychology of Colors β Red = urgency, Blue = trust, Green = growth.
Contrast & Accessibility β Ensure text is readable against backgrounds.
Typography Essentials
Font Categories: Serif (formal), Sans-serif (modern), Display (creative).
Hierarchy: Headings β Subheadings β Body text.
Readability: Avoid long line lengths and tiny text.
Pairing Fonts: Use max 2β3 fonts that complement each other.
Layout & Composition
Grid Systems β Keep designs structured.
Rule of Thirds β Position key elements along invisible 3x3 lines.
Focal Point β Every design should have one clear attention-grabber.
Flow & Movement β Guide how the eye travels across the design.
Design Thinking Mindset
Empathy β Who is the design for? What do they need?
Define β Identify the problem clearly.
Ideate β Brainstorm multiple solutions.
Prototype β Create quick drafts or mockups.
Test & Iterate β Improve based on feedback.
Practical Tips for Beginners
Start simple: minimalism > clutter.
Use free tools like Canva, Figma, or Adobe Express.
Study existing designs (ads, apps, posters) and analyze what works.
Practice recreating simple posters or app screens.
Get feedback often; design improves with iteration.










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